Chemistry Vocabulary
Periodic Trends, Quantum Mechanics, Atomic Theory, Ionic & Covalent Bonding
Periodic Trends, Quantum Mechanics, Atomic Theory, Ionic & Covalent Bonding
- Group: Vertical columns of the Periodic table.
- Periods: Horizontal rows of the Periodic table.
- Element: A substance that can't be decomposed into simpler substances by any chemical means.
- Compound: A substance of two or more elements.
- Atomic Number: Number of protons in the nucleus.
- Atomic Mass: The mass of an atom of a chemical element that is expressed in atomic mass units.
- Atom: Smallest particle of an Element.
- Ion: Atom or group of atoms that carries and electric charge.
- Valence Electron: Outermost electrons of atoms.
- Metal: Elements below or to the left of the Metalloid boundary.
- Nonmetal: Elements that do not exhibit metal like properties that are usually located above or to the right of the Metalloid boundary.
- Metalloids: Elements with properties somewhere between metals and nonmetals.
- Noble Gas: Elements of the Periodic table in group 0, formerly called inert gases.
- Alkali Metal: Metals of group IA
- Alkaline Earth Metal: Metals of group IIA
- Halogen: Elements in Group VIIA.
- Cation: A positive ion.
- Anion: Negative ion
- Electron Affinity: The amount of energy absorbed in the process in which an electron is added to a neutral isolated gaseous atom to form a gaseous ion with with a 1- charge.
- Electronegativity (explain the trend): As you move left to right across the Periodic table, the electronegativity increases.
- Ionization Energy (explain the trend): As you move down a group, first ionization energy decreases, and as you move across a period, energy increases.
- Atomic Radii (explain the trend): As you move down a group, atomic radius increases, and as you move across a period, atomic radius decreases.
- Density: Mass per unit Volume.
- Melting Point: The temperature at which solids and liquids coexist in equilibrium.
- Reactivity: Rate at which a chemical substance tends to undergo a chemical reaction.
- Subatomic Particle
- Proton
- Neutron
- Electron
- Nucleus
- Bohr’s Atomic model
- Rutherford’s Atomic Model
- Dalton’s Atomic Model
- J.J Thomson’s Atomic Model
- Net Atomic Charge
- Isotope
- Molecule
- Physical Change
- Sublevels
- Orbitals
- Shells
- Subshells
- Quantum Numbers
- Electron Configuration
- Shape of s Orbitals
- Shape of p Orbitals
- Lewis Dot Structures
- Electromagnetic Spectrum
- Chemical Bond
- Ionic Bonds
- Metallic Bond
- Chemical Formula
- Subscript
- Coefficient
- Oxidation Number
- Covalent Bond
- Single Covalent Bond
- Double Covalent Bond
- Triple Covalent Bond
- Molecular Formula
- Structural Formula
- Unshared Pair
- Coordinate Covalent Bond
- Bond Dissociation Energy
- Nonpolar Covalent Bond
- Polar Covalent Bond
- Polar Molecule
- Dipole
- van der Walls Forces
- Dispersion Forces
- Hydrogen Bonds
- Network Solids